Parental type 1 diabetes can affect the cognitive development of children.
Research has shown for the first time that having parents with a chronic illness, such as type 1 diabetes, may be associated with lower school performance than high maternal blood sugar levels during a child's development. The effect of maternal diabetes on the identification of their children has been extensively studied.
Glucose crosses the placenta and the mother's blood sugar level is high and hyperglycemia can affect the baby's growth, including the baby's brain. There is not much evidence for different subtypes of diabetes and the influence of the father with type 1 diabetes. Anne Laerke Spangmose and colleagues obtained data from Danish registers as well as math test results for third and sixth grades and read for second, fourth, sixth and eighth grades. The group included 622,073 children aged 6-18 who attended public schools for seven years. There were 2,144 children with mothers with type 1 diabetes, 3,474 children with fathers with type 1 diabetes and 616,455 children from the basic population.
Children of mothers and fathers with type 1 diabetes had an average score of 54.2 and 54.4, compared with an average score of 56.4 for children in the basic population.
The team found that having parents who suffer from a serious illness, such as diabetes, can cause stress and damage a child's school results.
However, this study suggests a different explanation for the previously observed adverse effects of type 1 diabetes in the mother during pregnancy on the cognitive development of children.
Spangmose added, "Lower test scores in the offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes appear to reflect a negative association of having a parent with type 1 diabetes rather than a specific adverse effect of maternal type 1 diabetes during pregnancy on the fetus. Our recent large Danish cohort study, including 622,073 children, has shown this."
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